Monday, April 29, 2019

South Sudan: South Sudanese Coffee


The highlight of my stressful day is a walk to the souk (market) to buy a tiny cup of kahwa (coffee) or in the South Sudanese Arabic, bon for 100 SSP (as of April 2019). This coffee is infused with ginger or cinnamon, some spices, and cardamom. These poured out from a special tin ‘jug’ with a long spout known as a jebena and served in tiny tea cups with the tiniest spoons I've ever seen! The coffee is usually served with a generous amount of sugar, reminding me of my chai (tea) days in Iraq. If you do not like your coffee sweet, you can ask them to serve the sugar separately.

On days when I feel sick, I prefer to go to a stall which serves a strong ginger coffee but most days, I often go to a place that serve cinnamon flavored coffee. This has now become my personal favorite and I can't go on a week without a sip of it.

According to a very interesting article in scanews.coffee, wild C. Arabica coffee is abundant in the Upper Boma Plateau. Cultivated Robusta variety also grows here. The Belgians used to cultivate this in these areas but when the civil war broke out between the Islamic North and Christian South, it weakened the coffee production.

However, these days, the industry seemed to have picked up and you can observe small coffee/tea places all over the local souk. My favorite one is tended by a young barista named Alo. She always serves me the same quality of coffee every time me and my friend, Joyce visit her little cafe.

She would usually start roasting her coffee beans at around 6pm. (Yes, the sun is still up at 6pm here!)Then, she uses a stone mortar to ground this. The ground coffee is then incorporated into the boiling water. Upon reaching its boiling point, spices like cloves, cinnamon, cardamom, ginger and pepper are then added. This is then poured into tiny cups served. If you place the cup under the light of the sun, you will see that the sugar level is about a fourth of the cup.

Don't worry! The water for the coffee is boiled so it is safe to drink!

Watch out for my chai (tea) review on South Sudanese Karkaday (hibiscus tea) and peppermint tea soon!

Saturday, April 13, 2019

South Sudan: Questioning My Life Decisions

After the turbulent two hours plus plane ride and upon seeing where I was going to live, I began questioning my life decisions. Getting my security orientation upon arrival just added to my urgent need to just fold myself into a ball and cry.

I was overwhelmed by many different emotions. I began to appreciate my blessed living condition at home. The tropical weather is so nice even if foreigners complain it is humid. When it gets too hot, I can just go and swim in the beach or grab a surf board and paddle out into the ocean. If I wanted good food, my tita's will cook it for me or I just walk to the corner and there are many restaurants there. I do not even have to walk as there is always a mode of transportation to take me from point A to point B. I do not need to wash my clothes! There is also water from the tap, electricity, stable WIFI and everything is cheap!

The life here is very poor and very sad according to my limited human perspective. I've taught myself to look for the beauty in the faces of the children in my project, and to be grateful. I now see situations with a silver lining, and to assess where I could give something, where I could provide something as the project manager. Haay naku Catriona Gray!

So the silver linings here are the following:
  • More freedom than Juba. I am allowed to walk anywhere within Renk town as long as I have a male escort. 
  • I am practicing my Arabic and my colleagues helps me practice.
  • Highest malnutrition rate and biggest malnutrition program in the country so my knowledge and skills in emergency malnutrition is being sharpened.
  • This org found me on LinkedIn and put their trust in me. I did not apply so this is godsent.
  • Coffee and tea here is delicious although the people laugh at the way I say coffee in Arabic because it is too formal.

South Sudan: First Impressions of the Upper Nile Sahel

The Upper Nile is said to be the hottest region in the country since it is closer to Khartoum. I am not so sure of that.

When I was in Juba, as soon as the sun sets my sweat would start dripping. I noticed that it is warmer during those times. Where I am right now, the temperature is a bit cooler at sun set.

As I am not from Africa, I was curious if I am now living in the desert. I've been to the deserts of Dubai and those were vast empty spaces. This one has shrubs that looks like dried up twigs and grasses. Having done a fair bit of research, I believe that this is not the desert but a sahel.

A sahel is a flatland with a semiarid climate. It is mostly covered with grass and a few shrubs and trees. At this time of the year, everything is brown! Most of the trees has even lost their leaves. It is typically, hot, sunny, and dry!

However, when I arrived, it rained a little. The same thing happened when I arrived in Juba. The cleaning ladies told me it was their first rain for the season. So they say I am a blessing! Yes, the rain arrives when I arrive!

The airport here, they say is the worst in the whole country. It is an uncemented airstrip. There is no infrastructure except for the skeletons of a waiting shed that was abandoned and some rusty shipping containers eaten by time and the elements.

On the other hand, I have nothing to complain about because we landed safely and that is the most important thing for me. I am alive! Nothing else matters! And I've been to rudimentary airports like the ones in Vanuatu.(Best airplane ride views next to the Lukla, Nepal flights according to me!)

There were two vehicles on the landing strip. One was a rented car and the other was for our organization. As I've mentioned earlier, everything is just dirt road but since it is a flatland and arid, it is not as worse as the Vanuatu rides. One thing that amazes me though is how our driver expertly drove us to the town because everything looked the same for me.

From the outskirts, we can observe some random mud houses with reed roofs here and there. And as these clusters become dense, we saw the town. There were modern houses and cars as well as buses and vans for public transport. There were also donkeys, mostly pulling carts filled with barrels of water.

Women can be seen either carrying a load or a child. They were mostly dressed in colourful clothes that reminds me of the Indian sari's.
Credits to theresglitterintheireyes
As I am in a border town, this place is a melting pot of tribes!

Friday, April 12, 2019

South Sudan: The Real Airport Scrum and my First UNHAS Flight


Traveling by road across South Sudan was considered a perilous ride before. This is because of the uncertain security situation in different areas. There were on-going armed hostilities between the South Sudanese Armed Forces and non-state armed groups in addition to inter-communal clashes like cattle raids. Next, there is still continuous cross-border movements of people into South Sudan. Lastly, perennial flooding results in temporary displacements of the population and periodically makes surface travel impossible.  

The only paved road in the country is the one coming from Khartoum and ends halfway in Renk. All the rest are dirt roads or compacted ones. Even then, I have observed that there were dead trees or shrubs placed in the middle of these compacted roads. 

These days, there has been an increase in the number of people traveling by road. However, taking a plane ride to your destination, although a bit expensive is highly recommended. 

There are no local airline company operating in the country. To get from one point to another, you have to book yourself an United Nations Humanitarian Air Service (UNHAS) flight and depart form the Juba International Airport. Nope, not the previous airport I posted earlier but the one beside it. This is the real Juba Airport Scrum!

The departure terminal are a cluster of Rubb Halls. These are humongous tents often used as warehouses with dirt floors. My friend who was traveling me told me that the one we have now is in a better condition than it was before. He still remembers canopy tents and flooding during rainy days. 
Typical Rubb Hall

Before we went to the airport, he told me that I should stay near to him and move fast. He says we just need to keep pushing forward or else we might get left behind. Thankfully, our flight was scheduled on a slow day so I did not really need to shove a lot. 

We first went to the middle tent and headed to a counter on the left side where our baggage was weighed in. At this point, my shirt was already drenched in sweat! After that, our bags were tagged and we were given our boarding passes.


We then have to wade our way through people to reach the end where we presented our bags for a physical check. Once these were through, we moved our way back to the front of the tent and transferred to another Rubb Hall which serves as a predeparture area.


In the predeparture area, there are wooden benches and cold drinks are sold. Nope, there are no fans or air-conditioning available here. You can also notice that hardly anyone is fanning but me, because I have my trusty abaniko! You have to keep your ears sharp or else you might miss the man shouting the departure information.

Unlike the arrival terminal where most of the people coming in were foreigners, in the departure area it was a mix. There was a mix of locals and humanitarian aid workers.

Most of the flights from here to any point in the country is through small planes and helicopters. Ours was a 15 seater that was flown by two white haired Russians. It was a turbulent ride that at one point left my internal organs at a higher altitude than my body.


We landed on the roughest airport in South Sudan with me trying to hold all the food in my stomach in.

Monday, April 8, 2019

South Sudan: When Frustrations Can Best Be Expressed as Laughter


Sundays are the cooks day off so we are usually left to ourselves to find food and nourishment. We have 10USD per diem to do as we pleased.

Now, in the Philippines, this would have gone a long way because I know where to buy fresh produce to cook or I know where the carenderias are. In Juba, it is a totally different story because 10 USD which is approximately 2700 SSP is the cost of an average meal here. This leaves me with two options. First is to cook my own food which is impractical. I leave the capital in a few days so excess food will rot plus I only know two places to buy groceries, Lily's and Phoenicia. These are called khawaja (white man or foreigner) stores because only foreigners, mostly humanitarian aid workers, can afford to buy here. The second option is to eat out. This means one big meal and the extra, I will take away for dinner. 

Since I do not know where the cheap but clean restaurants that serve the locals are located and we only have one car to ferry all the expats around, I just follow where my colleagues eat. Today, they took me to a place they frequent and I was the only khawaja there. It was mostly men drinking beer and watching soccer or me, the stranger. And this is where my crazy Sunday afternoon started to unfold.



We found ourselves a nice spot with high chairs. I am just a few inches over five feet with a wrap around dress so just imagine me struggling. We then expectantly waited for a waiter to take our orders. After 5 to 10 minutes, we managed to grab the attention of the only waiter serving the restaurant. We ordered our drinks and then the food. I wanted the wet fish but I was told there was no fish. Then my friend, Juan, ordered pork, however, it was not available or so we thought. The waiter said that they were still buying the items from the market. My other companions Maria and Jose, wanted mutton and nyama choma (grilled goat). Thankfully, those were said to be available. So I said, I will just have vegetable rice and just double the amount of vegetables while Juan went for nyama choma.

While waiting for the food, we were served our drinks. As they were patrons, Maria already told us beforehand that you have to fight tooth and nail to get a glass in the restaurant. I just laughed it off and asked her why. It is a restaurant after all and a drinking glass is standard for all restaurants! She said that the manager told them the last time they were there that they do not let the customers use the drinking glasses anymore because it often gets stolen.

She had to talk to several people in Swahili before somebody agreed to give her a glass for the wine she ordered and it took the staff more than half an hour to find a glass to serve it on. Meanwhile, I just drank mine directly from the bottle as I do not have the patience to hassle the workers for a glass. Jose ordered wine as well but as they can only produce one water glass which they gave to Maria and he wanted his wine on a wine glass, he deferred.

After our bottles have gone warm then empty, we managed to catch another staff and the guys, as well as Maria, proceeded to complain about the quality of service. We were there for two hours already and we have not seen any sign of food coming. Hunger plus a fan that spat out hot air plus flies that sneakily enters my facial orifice or sticks to my lip gloss were already wearing our patience thin. The guy brought in his supervisor and gently prodded Maria to tell his boss about all our complaints. 

The boss said he will take our orders and even told me that fish fillet is actually available! That was a win for me because now my rice has a pairing! He even managed to magically produce a wine glass after Jose told them that sweet red wine is more expensive than the soda or beer they were selling. Everyone was happy at the table again and we resumed our conversation on how Khartoum's residents are protesting under the 50C heat of the sun and other current events happening in Africa. 

Then, in a few short minutes, we were given our bill to pay which we, in our confusion, initially refused as we haven't even been served! We laughed it off again out of frustration then paid it.

I was really hungry by then and the flies were too. When I checked my watch, I saw that it was already quarter to four. We have been there since 1pm. We have been waiting for our food to cook for three hours already. It is not as if everyone in the restaurant were eating. Everyone was drinking beer and we were the only ones who wanted to eat real food so three hours is more than enough to cook our orders.

I began calling each of the servers I see and asking them in my broken Arabic, "Ayna ani aqil? (Where is my food?) Liyesh? (Why?) Limaadha swaya swaya? (Why slow slow?) Min fadlak sura sura... (Make it fast please...)" Of course, I speak Iraqi Arabic which I managed to pick up in the plains of Nineveh from the people of Mosul but I know some of my words got through because after three servers, I finally got my food which was generously covered by plastic seran wrap.


My friends were telling me to eat before my food becomes cool which got me laughing again because how can food ever cool down in this 40C heat? It will stay warm! Then the waiting game begins again. One of the waiters told us that there was actually no mutton available. However, if we order another dish, how many hours of waiting would that be for us again? We have a 7 o'clock curfew to beat!

The food there was actually bland so I wanted to add pepper to my food and they say they also do not have it! What restaurant in the world does not have pepper! It is a much-needed spice when cooking right? So Juan just told the waiter if he can just provide us with a list of available items instead as almost everything we have ordered was not in stock.

After we finished our meal, I proceeded to pay the bill and asked the guy to wrap my left over because I was bringing it home. A little while later, I got an 800 SSP change. I asked the guy why and he said it was for the additional fish we ordered! He did not understand what I said at all which is no wonder because there were probably four waiters serving us at this point! There was no coordination at all!

I think when everything is overwhelming and frustrating, laughing it all off is the best cure. What more can we do? Being angry can't solve anything especially that we have limited transportation and restaurant options in the area! And because of this, I think I have had the best afternoon in Juba so far! For real!




Wednesday, April 3, 2019

South Sudan: Life in Juba

The view from inside the house
I am on my first week in Juba, South Sudan-the youngest country on earth. My initial plan was to just vlog my life experience this year, but due to several reasons, security and slow internet included, blogging would probably be the best way to record my experience.

If you have been reading my blog, by now you would have known that taking photos of the airport, government buildings and officials, police and military personnel is strictly prohibited and may end up with a visit to the nearest police precinct.

All foreigners must register with immigration within 72hours of arrival. If you are working with an INGO, your HR will most likely work on this. Prepare approximately 10 pieces of colored passport picture for this.
100 USD in SSP


1 USD is 156 SSP as of April 2, 2019 but the exchange rate is higher in the black market. I exchanged mine by buying a bottle of Stoney in Lily's using USD and I got SSD change. For every USD I got 270 SSP. As you can see, this is almost double than the exchange you will see on OANDA.

Arabic is widely spoken here so a little Arabic goes a long way. The locals enjoy teaching me Juba Arabic. Here are some basic Juba Arabic to help you through your first days:
Good morning Sabah al-kheir
Good morning response Sabah al-noor
Good afternoon Meesa al-kheir
Good afternoon response Meesa al-noor
Welcome! Marhaba!
Hello/Peace be with you! As-salam aleykum
Hello/Peace be with you! response Wa aleykum as-salam
Goodbye/ Go in peace Ma'a salama
How are you? Keif tamam
Fine, praise God Kwais, al-ham-d'Allah
You're good? Tamaam or Anna kwais
Yes Aiwa
No Lah
Thank you! Skukran
You're welcome Afwan
Please Min fadlek
What's your name? Ismak minu?
My name is... Ismi…
Praise God! Al-ham-d'Allah
God willing Insha'Allah

Numbers
0 Sifr
1 Wahid
2 Ithnain
3 Talata
4 Arbah
5 Khamsa
6 Sitta
7 Sebah
8 Tamaniah
9 Tis'ah
10 Ash'erah

Houses here are usually walled, with barbed wires, and security guards 24/7. Although some NGOs treat the security risk seriously, I have seen foreigners walking the streets the alone. So, it is totally up to you and your common sense on what security plan you want to follow for yourself.

South Sudan: Juba Airport Scrum



Credit to Juba TV on Facebook

I have read so much about the airport scrum at Juba International Airport and it was interesting to experience it myself. The system was different which made it a memorable experience for me.

I am thankful for the South Sudan Orientation guide sent to me by my organization and another one provided by my friend who was working with another organization I am still affiliated with because it gave me an idea on what to expect when I arrive in the country. One of these is to not take any photos of the airport, government buildings and officials, police and military personnel or I may end up with a visit to the nearest police precinct.

After getting off the plane, we were handed out a questionnaire to fill in. It asked about the places we were in the last 30 days (mine was Switzerland, France, Philippines, and Kenya) and if we were exhibiting any signs and symptoms related to Ebola. After filling it up, we lined up to get our temperatures checked.


Image result for ebola temperature check airport
Temperature check
If you declare that you have any of the signs and symptoms or if you are febrile, you will be quarantined. South Sudan is not just a high risk for Ebola but WHo considers it as very high risk! The Democratic Republic of Congo is its neighbor and adding to this is their fragile healthcare system. Ebola Preparedness through information and education campaigns are now being actively done by different NGO's. As a preemptive measure, frontline health workers in the country has already been vaccinated for the Zaire strain of the Ebola Virus, which is now plaguing the DRC. In my organization, there is a focal person doing Ebola Preparedness forums for the staff.

After the Ebola Screening section is the Immigration. I just stood in line here and patiently waited for my turn while my eyes were steadily fixed on a man who was pointing at persons randomly to either move from one line to another or move from the back of the line to the front. When I came to my turn, I presented them my entry permit (make sure to print in color) then I was redirected to a room to the left where I had to pay 100USD for my single entry visa (amount changes depending on which country you come from) which was valid for one month. The single entry visa can only be used to enter the country once.
Credit to Juba TV on Facebook
After this, I went back to the Immigration Officer who proceeded to check my Yellow Fever Vaccination card and later placed the visa sticker on my passport. I then followed the crowd to the scanning machine and then to my luggage.

The next point was the baggage claim area. If you cannot find your luggage here, they might have already been removed from the carousel and just placed in a pile beside it. There will be porters offering their services but just politely and firmly decline. Tell them that there is someone picking you up. Be patient with them as they only want a tip to help their families.
Credit to Juba TV on Facebook
Once you found your bags, bring them to the Customs desk to the right. It is between the carousel and the wall.
Credit to Juba TV on Facebook

Usually, you would have to open your bag for manual inspection but the customs hardly checked my bag because he was busy cleaning his ears. He just marked my bag with a dollar sign in white chalk and let me go!

Things to remember:
  • Print your Entry Permit in color
  • Prepare the required single visa fee in mint USD
  • Single visa fee varies as follows:
    • Countries from the East Africa Region: 50USD
    • USA: 100USD
    • All other countries: 100USD